FRANCE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

FRANCE - Essay ExampleFrance has been an important model for religious freedom and thought in virtue of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen in the year 1789 and some(prenominal) significant organized religions are gives in this country, though Roman Catholicism has been the major religion. In the past, France was a predominantly Roman Catholic country. Since the 1970s, France has become a genuinely secular country. The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen says that Freedom of religion is constitutionally a right. (France Principle Religion)Sub-point 1 The other religions practiced in the country include Protestantism, Islam, Judaism and atheism. harmonize to the CIA World Factbook, about 88% of the population in France practices Roman Catholicism, 5 to 10% practice Islam, about 2% Protestantism and 1% of the French population practice Judaism.Sub-point 2 The religious background of France has contributed highly to the progress of the Europe and t he world and it is a nation which has contributed the world some of the fundamental principles of secularism and religion including the freedom of religion.A expectant analII. Main Point Cultural cathode-ray oscilloscope of France Family structureA profound analysis of the family structure in France confirms that several social, religious and cultural elements as healthful as movements have influenced the progress of its culture. The traditional family structure of the French culture, an extended family structure, continued for a long time due, mainly, to the values of the Catholic Church and the rustic communities. The outbreak of the French Revolution created a potent space for questioning the customs, laws, emotions, power relations, and gender assumptions that informed family life. During the 1790s the French Revolution radically redefined the family, its internal dynamics, and its kinship to the state. (Desan, 1) Sub-point 1 The French Revolution created a potent space for questioning the customs, laws, emotions, power relations, and gender assumptions that informed family life and it radically redefined the family, its internal dynamics, and its relationship to the state.Sub-point 2 There has been a vital shift from the traditional family structure to the modern family structure in the French society and culture. III. Main point Cultural Background of France Traditions of Religion and Family The traditions of the religion are mostly connected with those of the family and people celebrate religious festivals with lots of enthusiasm and variety in their families and the most important traditions of religion as well as family in France are in connection with Christmas. Family celebrations begin with the decoration of the Christmas tree a few days before Christmas candles and lights, bestow and many colored stars are attached to it. On Christmas Eve when the children are asleep, little toys, candies and fruits are hung on the branches of the tree as a s upplement to the gifts Santa Claus has leftfield in the shoes before the fireplace. (Holiday Traditions of France) Sub-point 1 The traditions of

Statistical Process Control Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Statistical Process Control - Research Paper casingStatistical scholars and researchers have lay outed that statistical process control constitutes the testing of a random sample of any output from a procedure to establish whether the exercise produces variables within a range that is preselected. In week two, obstacles were identified during the morning preparation routine. The bottlenecks were found to be as a result of lack of technology and automation in the process. Specifically, a bottleneck was created at three main points, the time spent waiting on reports to generate, reviewing the reports and and then auditing completed work. This is to verify that the longer the amount of time spent in such duties, the shorter is the time assignd for the actual work on files. One of the open options to overcome this challenge is to allocate overtime hours every day so that the tasks can be undertaken with some time allowance to absorb the expected lag time. A more realistic and cost effective solution to the bottleneck would be to implement technology and automation to make the work more streamlined and eliminate the waiting diaphragm created in the current system. Some constraints theorists like Goldratt, argues that the best remedial measure against a problem dependent on problem solving skills. The techniques provide a layout of procedure that helps in identification of the constraints, eliminating them and seeking out other feasible alternatives (Persse, 2008). In other words, once the time taken to review information is shortened, then the next target is to reduce the time. of carrying out the morning routine duties. It is imperative that the significance of statistical tools in solving real life challenges like the hotshot in question are taken into consideration (Mesbah, at al. 2002). Some of the measures of central tendency and dispersion that are vital in computing the tabulated data to establish a solution include mean and standard deviation.Data Summary for the two weeks in hours Week OneDayCreating daily workloads(Minutes)Reviewing mount/completion (Min)Monday3837Tuesday3830Wednesday4134Thursday3029Friday2637During the first week, the data was stash away for five days covering from Monday to Friday. During the week, the data collected was based on the duration of time required to prepare the daily workloads as well as to audit the progress/completion of the daily workloads. Over the five days, the duration taken in preparing the workloads for each of the five days range from 26 transactions to a maximum of 41 minutes. This gives the range of 15 minutes as the spread of the workload creation time. On the other hand, during the same week, the manager had to happen some time reviewing the completion and the progress of the daily accounts.

Business - Performance Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Business - Performance Management - Essay ExampleTask 1 Performance management The business governances din on the operational work of the organization along with the profitability it aims in achieving. In the aspect of organizational development, the overall difference between the result achieved and the pass judgment result is termed as the performance of the organization. In order to achieve optimum performance various measures are incorporated by the organization and the concept of performance management is of high importance. The performance management enables employee of the organization to work towards a common goal. Various tools in the performance management system help the employees of the organization to understand the overall aims and objectives of the business. As the overall success of every organization depends a lot on the individual performance of the employees, it is important for them to have a transparent idea regarding the goals and the vision of the organiza tion. The employees of the organization are made aware of the roles and responsibility which they need to carry on in the organization. ... The performance management of any organization contributes to the best practices of Human resource maintained in an organization. Few of the best practices followed in the organization are, providing bonus to the employees based on the overall performance, salt away feedback from the employees, identifying the contribution of the employees and providing them with rewards for the achievements gained. All this best practices maintained by the organization are generated from the concept of the performance management, as these are the various units of the systems (Rao & Rao, 18). The awareness regarding the performance is similarly provided to the employees and it helps them to analyze their strength and weakness and provides the employees with suggestion regarding improving the level of the performance. Such feedback mechanism helps the employees to gain confidence and it as a motivational tool for the employees to support their best for the organization. Performance management of the organizations is carried out in a regular footing and the changes in the parameter happen on a regular basis depending on the attributes of measuring the workers performance. (The importance of Performance Management) Task 2 Performance appraisal The process of performance appraisal is one of the key tools which are utilize by the organization in measuring the performance of the employees in the workplace. The performance appraisal system evaluates the performance of the employees as the performance is one of the critical factors for the organizations success. jibe to the high commitment HRM system, the performance appraisal is one of the basic requirements so that the employees can understand the level of the performance and identify the

The Postmodern Era of Graphic Design Essay Example for Free

The Postmodern Era of Graphic Design EssayThe 1980s was characterized with the rise of eclecticism as an art trend. manner was no longer dictated by established rules but by the random convergence of different theories and practices. The aforementioned phenomenon, in turn, ushered the postmodern wave in brilliant design. The liberal atmosphere that prevailed over their craft prompted many computer graphic designers to come up with more creative and daring works. In the late 1970s, slightly educators in the field of graphic design started questioning the rigidity and minimalism of graphic modernism (Heller 9). Graphic modernism, a graphic design trend that originated from Switzerland in the 1950s and the 1960s, placed emphasis on simplicity, universality, rationality, abstraction and structural expressionism (Heller 6). It was leveltually became the standard style in several integrated and institutional design groups twain in Europe and in the US. The academe soon followed suit schools such as the Philadelphia College of Art, University of Cincinnati and Yale developed curricula that emphasized the prolonged study of abstract design and typographical form (Heller 7).In the process, graphic designers who worked outside the academic and corporate settings were alienated. Majority of these artists were strongly affiliated with the punk movement of the late 1970s and early 1980s. They verbalized their adherence to punk culture through aggressive, destructive and uninhibited graphic designs. Some of them, however, combined the influences of punk culture and graphic modernism in their works, bring about the era of postmodernism in graphic design (Raizman 360).British-born Neville Brody was one of the most well-known graphic designers who used this novel style. He parodied the uniformity and consistency of corporate graphics by experimenting with original lettering and trademarks. Magazines such as The Face later used his typefaces, paving the way for th eir development towards being able to contribute moods and attitudes beyond the range of fonts available from foundries (Raizman 360).One of Brodys typefaces, Industria (1984), was a bold sans serif typeface with a combination of blunt rectangular positive and proscribe shapes and knife-edged terminations for a number of letters (Raizman 360). Other graphic designers of the punk movement, meanwhile, made their works from found material. Using pictures and texts that were cut from old magazines and newspapers, they were able to come up with striking posters that conveyed entirely new messages (Poynor 41).This torn-paper collage approach to graphic design eventually became the springboard for the development of other forms of postmodern graphic design. Other graphic designers used loose, spontaneous brush strokes in their paintings in order to make them resemble torn-paper collages (Poynor 42). Some low-budget club promotions, meanwhile, gave existing art an edgy criminal by decons tructing them (Poynor 38). The advent of computer technology in the 1990s and in the beginning of the 21st century further entrenched the era of postmodernism in graphic design.The availability of affordable (if not free) and user-friendly computer software can allow anyone to create striking graphic designs. With just a little creativity, even those who did not undergo formal training in graphic design can come up with works that can surpass even those of professionals. It would be fair to say, therefore, that postmodernism democratized the concept of graphic design. Without any rules to follow except his or her own, anyone can create an artwork using materials that are either affordable or free.The only factors that should be taken into consideration are individual creativity and imagination. Indeed, it is only human beings who put a limit to whatever they are resourceful of accomplishing. Works Cited Heller, Steven. The Education of a Graphic Designer. 2nd ed. New York Allworth Communications Inc. , 2005. Poynor, Rick. No More Rules Graphic Design and Postmodernism. London Laurence King Publishing, 2003. Raizman, David. History of innovational Design Graphics and Products since the Industrial Revolution. London Laurence King Publishing, 2003.

Male Character Essay Example for Free

Male Character EssayMasculine roles have effective power in recent cinemas. In the chapter, the former who is Kenneth Mackinnon talks about maleness in cinemas by variety ways. He not only considers about the different kinds of movie genres, individual movies and those male movie stars in general, but also introduces the hard body and soft body contrastively for audience. Moreover, Mackinnon mentions about the disadvantages of masculinity in the films and provides three recent illustrations in 2000 to answer the questions of masculinity clearly. The evidence which author selected is widespread but all come from the main idea of masculinity such as technological advances, the homoeroticism and heterosexuals, the feminism and masculinity and even the culture and history about masculinity in movies. At the beginning of the chapter, Mackinnon introduces the different genres about masculinity in movies by using split of examples. There are variety of movie graphemes such as fea t genres, bond movies, westerns, war films, slasher movies, sports movies and something else. One of the most important types is action movie.As Mackinnon said, action movie is a version of heroism was promoted in these movies that depended on visual evidence of physical strength and might. (P294) For this reason, the publishers pay much money to superstars in coordinate to get the extraordinary effects in action films. For example, Sylvester Stallone in make rampage movie. Similarly, bond movie, as an action series, depicted a new type of masculinity, which found in Gentleman Chivalry from 1962 to the present. The kind of movie continues to execute the heroism, which is popular among audience. For instance, the famous identities of 007 are James Bond and his bond girl.However, in that respect is too much technological excess and special effects in recent years. Thats captured audiences attention negatively. The author has also state the westerns, which are the supreme genre for the depiction of traditional, laconic, dominating masculinity. (P297)The protagonists are usually cowboys in Hollywood film. The consequence of those boys usually be alone. Moreover, western movie allows violence, homosociality and escape of domestication. The authors opinion of masculinity in sports movies is that they provide a kind of lifestyle, which is a pure physical machismo for audience.In other words, it is a highly stylized version of traditional masculinity(P300) people have chance to watch a natural masculinity in sports movie. (i. e. Field of Dreams). other genre has been mentioned is comedy. Its a different side of masculinity. Comedy always shows audience the irony of traditional masculinity, especially in vulnerable side. They focused more(prenominal) on conflicts from fatherhood rather than motherhood. In order to understand the masculinity movie deeply, the author selected a few individual movies such as born(p) on the Fourth of July, Dead Ringers, The Crying Game and The Full Monty.The protagonist of Born on the Fourth of July is Don Kunz who acts as a heroic manful ideal in the movie. He thinks winning is the most important thing. to win, others must be losers(p304)make him full of physical strength. He is a typical figure of manful in movie. Male stars are also an important factor for masculinity movie, because female audience, even some of male audience will follow the movie stars. In the chapter, Mackinnon introduce male stars such as Warren Beatty, Clint Eastwood and Charles Bronson.

Factors and contributors Essay Example for Free

Factors and contributors EssayPeople commonly love to go by the shorelines, as these have been identified as the home of a classification of fish and other aquatic creatures (Department of Fisheries and Oceans-Canada, 2008). Many of the fish breed their young, and seek shelter and protection from predators (DFO, 2008). Hence the efforts of shoreline stabilization must be conducted to counter the set up of shoreline wear (DFO, 2008). Shoreline erosion have varied causes, from earthy causes such as wind driven wave action, a dearth in vegetation, ice and water system (Marine learning Portal). Man- made factors contributing to shoreline erosion would include n of forests and vegetation and wash, or waves generated from passing boats (Portal). Most shorelines that have been affected by erosion usually undergo shoreline erosion will undergo some stabilization procedures to prevent it from being a threat to development on the waterfront (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Adminstra tion, 2007). Among the measures that atomic number 18 placed on a permanent basis are divided into several types.Soft or non-structural procedures bank on planting of plants and the use of grit fills, while hybrid techniques are deemed as effective stabilization modes to the conventional hard structures such as bulk heads or rip rap structures (NOAA, 2007). Shoreline erosion does not only affect marine life, destroying their natural habitat, turbidity of the water , and algae growth, shoreline erosion contributes to land loss and lowering of property values (Marine Info). unless many factors go into determing the impact of shoreline erosion on the waterway (Marine Info).Factors such as the size of the watercraft, how far it is from the shoreline, and the speed when it passed the waterway, influence the degree of erosion on the particular waterway (Marine Info). Urban development has also taken its toll on the shoreline (Department of Boating and Waterways, 2002). In California, th e erosion being experienced in northbound County in San Diego has been attributed to the rapid development pace of urbanization of the watershed area and the competing interests in society (Terra rib Consulting Group, 2005).The effects of human interference in the natural ecosystem began with the damming the rivers for flood prevention, and creating recreational water facilities (DBW, 2002). These mental synthesis activities reduced the sand that would normally reach the coast, and that, along side with obstruction of sand development because of harbor construction activities, contribute to shoreline erosion (DBW, 2002).ReferencesDepartment of Boating and Waterways. (2002).California beach setting. Retrieved September 12, 2008, from http//www. dbw. ca. gov/PDF/Reports/BeachReport/Ch2_Setting. pdf. Department of Fisheries and Oceans-Canada. (2008). Fish habitat shoreline stabilization. Retrieved September 12, 2008, from http//www. dfo-mpo. gc. ca/regions/CENTRAL/pub/fact-fait-on/c 4_e. htm Marine Information Portal. (n. d. ). Shoreline erosion caused by boat wake. Retrieved September 12, 2008, from http//www. marinfo. gc.ca/Doc/Erosion/Erosion_des_berges_En. pdf. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. (2007). Alternative shoreline stabilization methods. Retrieved September 12, 2008, from http//coastalmanagement. noaa. gov/initiatives/shoreline_stabilization. html Terra Costa Consulting Group. (2005). Appendix d sediment/ erosion analysis. Retrieved September 12, 2008, from http//www. ci. solana-beach. ca. us/uploads/Appendix%20D%20Sediment-Erosion %20Analysis. pdf.

Government Guidelines for Nutrition

Government Guidelines for NutritionSarah SlackUnit Four health Promotion and DevelopmentReferences1 Department of Health. 1991. dietingary Reference Values for FoodEnergy and Nutrients for the United Kingdom. Report on Healthand Social Subjects none 41. London HMSO.2 Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition. 2003. season andHealth. London TSO.It is important that the under-5s get enough energy (calories) for growth and development. Child criminal maintenance workers should and then be sensitive to the needs of children who are fussy eaters or small eaters and ensure that these children are offered a good variety of food that they will accept. ripen Average energy requirements in kcals (calories) per day1 year 935kcals2 historic period 1,160kcals3 years 1,430kcals4 years 1,530kcals(Gregory JR, Collins DL, Davies PSW, HughesJM, Clarke PC. 1995. National Diet andNutrition Survey Children Aged 11/2 to 41/2Years. Volume 1. Report of the Diet)Children in a childcare setting should a lways be encouraged to eat a varied diet. They should eat foods from each of the four main food groups every day. The four main food groups areBread, cereals and potatoes produce and vegetablesMilk and dairy foods,Meat, fish and alternatives such(prenominal) as eggs, pulses (peas, beans and lentils) and soya.Vitamin C is important in maintaining good health and whitethorn live with a role in jockstraping the body to absorb iron if both nutrients are present in the same meal. Children should be encouraged to eat foods containing vitamin C at meals the like fruit and fruit juices.Children who do not eat meat should have a varied diet containing foods such as cereals, pulses (peas, beans and lentils), vegetables and fruits.Children need nutritious snacks in the midst of meals. The best snacks are those which are low in sugar. A variety of snacks should be offered including fruit, vegetables, milk, yoghurt, every character reference of bread, and sandwiches with savoury fillings.Wh en planning menus in a childcare setting you must consider children who have special needs. close to children may have particular dietary requirements or may need specific help with eating.Sarah SlackFood unsuitable for young children and babiesThere are many different foods which are unsuitable for young children and babies, such asSaltSalt faecal matter be dangerous for babies as it can damage their kidneys. Salt should never be added to babies food. Stock cubes or gravy are high in salt so they should be avoided when making homemade food for babies. Pre-packaged food can contain high amounts of salt so the packaging should always be checked to ensure the salt intake isnt too high.The table below shows the guidelines provided by the Food Standards Agency for salt consumption popsicleSugar is the tip consume of tooth decay in young children. Milk teeth which start to come through when a child reaches the age of around 6 months are very susceptible to acid erosion from sugars. R esearch suggests that children are more sugar sensitive than adults, and the effects are more pronounced in younger children, according to Dr. Keith Conners, author of Feeding the Brain. This could be related to the fact that the brain grows rapidly in the preschool years, exaggerating the effects of sugar on behavior and learning. dulcorateHoney can contain a bacterium called Clostridium botulinum which can produce toxins in a babys intestines, leading to baby botulism, which is a very serious illness. The symptoms includeConstipationThe child not wanting to feed or eatSuffering from lethargyThese symptoms can take some(prenominal) months to appear after the spores have been consumed as the spores grow in the babes gastro- intestinal tract and as they grow the toxins are released into the blood stream. Once an infant reaches the age of one the intestines baffle to develop good bacteria which are able to fight off the bacteria.NutsWhole nuts, including peanuts, should never be precondition to children under five as they can choke on them. As long as theres no history of food allergies or former(a) allergies in a family a baby can be given peanuts once theyre six months old as long as they are crushed or ground into peanut butter.1% of the population are tinted by a peanut allergy and children that have a sibling which is affected have a greater risk of being affected themselves.Low fat foodsFat is an important source of calories and some vitamins for babies and young children. Until the age of two years children should be given whole fat milk, cheese, oily fish, yogurt and fromage frais. After the age of two the amount of fat in a childs diet can gradually be decreased.EggsEggs should never be given to babies under 6 months old. Babies have a delicate intestinal system and they can react to the protein found in eggs. They can be given to babies over six months old, but they must be cooked until both the ovalbumin and yolk are solid to prevent salmonella which can be very dangerous for young children.Saturated fatA child should never be given too many foods that are high in saturated fat such as crisps, chips, cheap burgers and cakes.Raw molluscRaw shellfish can increase the risk of food poisoning so its should never be given to young babies and young children. They can contain salmonella bacteria which causes food poisoning.Swordfish, shark and marlinThe amount of mercury in these fish can affect a babys growing nervous system so they should never be given to babies and children. Regular consumption above the recommended limits of fish containing high amounts of mercury can lead to a toxic build up and it can have a devastating effect on the central nervous system of babies and children, causing impairments with movements and cognitive brain function by excision of essential neurons.Sarah SlackRecord form for Dietary RequirementsChilds full name ..Start date .Address .Home telephone tote up.Mobile..D.O.BMale/Female AgePlease gi ve any details of your childs dietary requirements including any food allergiesPlease give a detailed list of any food or drink which your child CAN NOT haveIn the unlikely case that your child consumes any of these items please give details of any treatment that should be givenI confirm that I will keep the nursery staff apprised if any of the needs or allergies detailed on this form change or are no longer applicable.Signed.ParentPrint Name.Signed.Child care providerPrint Name.Sarah SlackCoeliac DiseaseCoeliac disease is intolerance to gluten and it is thought to affect around 1 in 100 people in the United Kingdom. It can affect people of all ages.Eating foods containing gluten can cause symptoms such asDiarrhoeaBloatingFeelingtired all the time, this is due to notgetting enough nutrients from food. Gluten can damage the lining of the intestines which prevents the absorption of nutrients from food. If this happens, a child can become malnourished and grow at a poor rateFlatulence type AB painWeight lossGluten is found in any food that contains wheat, rye and barley cereals, includingPastaCakesBreakfast cerealsMost types of breadCertain types of saucesSome types of ready mealsAny children with this condition should never be given these foods and the food they do eat should be well documented and checked for any gluten products. possible long-term complications includeOsteoporosis(weakening of the bones)Iron deficiency (anaemia)Vitamin B12 and folate deficiency anaemiaSarah SlackChronic Childhood DiseasesThere are unlike chronic diseases suffered by children which can have an effect on their mental and physical development.Some chronic childhood diseases that can effect development areDiabetesAsthma rational palsyCystic FibrosisDiabetesDiabetes is a condition that prevents the body from properly using energy from food. It affects around 3.2 Million people in the UK.It occurs when the pancreas does not produce insulin, or when the pancreas produces insulin, bu t it is resisted by the body. It is a lifelong condition that causes a persons blood sugar level to become too high.There are two types of diabetes, type 1 and type 2. In type 1 diabetes, the bodys immune system attacks and destroys the cells that produce insulin. As no insulin is produced, glucose levels increase, which canseriously damage the bodys organs. example 1 diabetes is often knownas insulin-dependent diabetes. Its as well as sometimesknown asjuvenile diabetes because it usually develops before during theteenage years.If you are diagnosed withtype 1 diabetes, you will needinsulin injections for the rest of your life.Type 2 diabetes is where the body doesnt produce enough insulin, or the bodys cells dont react to insulin. This is known asinsulin resistance.Type 2 diabetes is more common than type 1 diabetes.If youre diagnosed withtype 2 diabetes, you may be able to control your symptoms by simply eating a hearty diet, exercising regularly,and monitoring your blood glucos e levels.Type 2 diabetes is often associated with obesity. Obesity related diabetes is more common in older people.Diabetes can have various complications that can incapacitate development in children. These include diabetic retinopathy and diabetic neuropathy.diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes that affects the eyes. Its caused by damage to the blood vessels of the light-sensitive waver at the back of the eye. It can impair a childs vision which can have a knock-on effect with their development, both physically and intellectually.Diabetic neuropathy can affect nerves in many different parts of the body. The most common early symptoms of the condition are numbness, tingling, or sharp var. in the feet or lower legs. Because nerve damage can happen anywhere in the body, problems can occur in almost any organ system, including the digestive tract, urinary system, eyes, and heart.AsthmaAsthma is a common long-term condition that can cause coughing, wheezing, chest tigh tness and breathlessness. Asthma typically appears in childhood and around 1 in 10 children are affected.Asthma symptoms can get gradually or suddenly worse. This is known as an bronchial asthma attack. During an attack the airways become inflammed and narrow which constricts the childs breathing. Some allergies such as pet hair and pollen cause trigger an attack.Asthma can hamper emotional and intellectual development depending on the severity of the disease. If a child has to miss time off school due to frequent asthma attacks this could cause the child to fall behind on school work and also important socialising. The attacks may also be frightening for the child which can affect them emotionally. This could lead to anxiety and stress which in turn could impact on a childs life when growing up. cerebral PalsyCerebral palsy is caused by a problem in the parts of the brain responsible for controlling muscles. The conditioncan occur if the brain develops abnormally or is damaged bef ore, during or shortly after birth.Causes of cerebral palsy includeAn infection caught by the mother during pregnancyBleeding in the babys brainChanges in the genes that affect the brains developmentA difficult or premature birthMany can children suffer visually and may have hearing impairment. It may also affect learning and delay growth. A child with cerebral palsy may be slower in achieving important developmental goals, such as learning to crawl, walk or speak.Cystic fibrosisCystic fibrosis is a hereditary disorder affecting the exocrine glands. It causes the production of abnormally thick mucus, leading to the blockage of the pancreatic ducts, intestines, and bronchi and often resulting in respiratory infection. It can lead to inadequate growth due to poor digestion which is a result of malnutrition.Symptoms usually begin in early childhood and include persistent cough, wheeze, repeated chest infections, malabsorption of food and general ill health. Treatments include antibioti cs, physiotherapy, and mucus thinning medicines, pancreatic enzyme replacements and other therapies. It is a life threatening condition.BibliographyReferencesDepartment of Health. 1991. Dietary Reference Values for Food Energy and Nutrients for the United Kingdom. Report on Health and Social Subjects zero(prenominal) 41. London HMSO.Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition. 2003. Salt andHealth. London TSO.Gregory JR, Collins DL, Davies PSW, Hughes JM, Clarke PC. 1995. National Diet and Nutrition Survey Children Aged 11/2 to 41/2 Years. Volume 1. Report of the Dietwww.gdalabel.co.ukwww.diabetes.co.ukPractical and Nutritional guidelines, Dr Helen Crawleywww.kon.org.ukwww.asthma.org.ukwww.patient.co.uk